Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Biomass shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Biomass offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Biomass at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Biomass? Wrong! If the Biomass is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Biomass then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Biomass? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Biomass and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Biomass wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Biomass then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Biomass site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Biomass, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Biomass, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
Biomass refers to living and recently dead biological material which can be used as fuel or for industrial production. Most commonly, biomass refers to plant matter grown for use as
biofuel, but it also includes plant or animal matter used for production of fibres,
chemicals or heat. Biomass may also include
biodegradable wastes that can be burnt as fuel. It excludes organic material which has been Metamorphism into substances such as coal or
petroleum. It is usually measured by dry weight, and is the total mass of living matter.
The term biomass is useful for
plants, where some internal structures may not always be considered living tissue, such as the
wood (secondary xylem) of a tree. This biomass became produced from plants that convert sunlight into plant material through photosynthesis.
Sources of biomass energy lead to agricultural crop residues, energy plantations, and municipal and industrial wastes.
Biomass is grown from several plants, including
miscanthus, switchgrass,
hemp, maize, poplar,
willow and
sugarcane. --> The particular plant used is usually not very important to the end products, but it does affect the processing of the raw material. Production of biomass is a growing industry as interest in sustainable fuel sources is growing.
Though biomass is a
renewable fuel, and is sometimes called a "carbon neutral" fuel, its use can still contribute to
global warming. This happens when the natural carbon equilibrium is disturbed; for example by deforestation or urbanization of green sites. These activities are termed "carbon leakage".
Biomass is part of the carbon cycle. Carbon from the atmosphere is converted into biological matter by
photosynthesis. On decay or combustion the carbon goes back into the atmosphere or soil. This happens over a relatively short timescale and plant matter used as a fuel can be constantly replaced by planting for new growth. Therefore a reasonably stable level of atmospheric carbon results from its use as a fuel. It is commonly accepted that the amount of carbon stored in biomass is approximately 50% of the biomass by weight.http://www.uvm.edu/~jcjenkin/smith%20et%20al.%202003.pdf
Despite harvesting, biomass crops may sequester (trap) carbon. So for example soil organic carbon has been observed to be greater in switchgrass stands than in cultivated cropland soil, especially at depths below 12 inches. Soil Carbon under Switchgrass Stands and Cultivated Cropland (Interpretive Summary and Technical Abstract). USDA Agricultural Research Service, April 1, 2005 The grass sequesters the carbon in its increased root biomass. But the perennial grass may need to be allowed to grow for several years before increases are measurable. Carbon sequestration by switchgrass. Abstract for Thesis (PhD). AUBURN UNIVERSITY, Source DAI-B 60/05, p. 1937, Nov 1999
Although
fossil fuels have their origin in ancient biomass, they are not considered biomass by the generally accepted definition because they contain carbon that has been "out" of the carbon cycle for a very long time. Their combustion therefore disturbs the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere.
Other uses of biomass, besides fuel:
- Building materials
- Biodegradable plastics and paper (using cellulose fibres)
Plastics from biomass, like some recently developed to dissolve in seawater, are made the same way as petroleum-based plastics, are actually cheaper to manufacture and meet or exceed most performance standards. But they lack the same water resistance or longevity as conventional plastics. Oh, Chicken Feathers! How to Reduce Plastic Waste. Yahoo News, Apr 5,
2007.
Biomass production for human use and consumption
{| class="wikitable sortable"|-! width="200" |
Biome Ecosystem TYPE! width="12" | Area! width="12" | Mean Net Primary Production! width="12" | World Primary Production! width="12" | Mean biomass! width="12" | World biomass! width="12" | Minimum replacement rate|-|| (million km²)| (gram dryC/sq metre/year)| (billion tonnes/year)| (kg dryC/sq metre)| (billion tonnes)| (years)|-|
Tropical rain forest forest| 7.5| 1,600| 12.00| 35.00| 262.50| 21.88|-| Temperate [evergreen forest| 7.0| 1,200| 8.40| 30.00| 210.00| 25.00|-| [Boreal forest open [forest and [shrubland| 15.0| 900| 13.50| 4.00| 60.00| 4.44|-| [Temperate grassland and [alpine climate|8.0|140|1.12|0.60|4.80|4.29|-|
Desert and
semidesert scrubland|18.0|90|1.62|0.70|12.60|7.78|-| Extreme
desert, rock desert,
sand dunes or
ice sheets|14.0|650|9.10|1.00|14.00|1.54|-| [Swamp and
marshs and [streams]|332.00|125.00|41.50|0.003|1.00|0.02|-| Upwelling zones]|26.60|360.00|9.58|0.010|0.27|0.03|-| Algal beds and reefs] & [mangroves Vol 14 (Berlin)
See also
References
External links
- Everything Biomass
- Michigan Biomass Energy Program
- BioMASS Laboratory at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Forest Bioenergy
- Texas State Cons. of Energy Office Biomass Article
- Kentucky fc
- Biomass on Hydrogenews
Biomass refers to living and recently dead
biological material which can be used as fuel or for industrial production. Most commonly, biomass refers to plant matter grown for use as biofuel, but it also includes plant or animal matter used for production of fibres, chemicals or heat. Biomass may also include biodegradable wastes that can be burnt as fuel. It excludes
organic material which has been Metamorphism into substances such as
coal or
petroleum. It is usually measured by dry weight, and is the total mass of living matter.
The term biomass is useful for
plants, where some internal structures may not always be considered living tissue, such as the wood (secondary
xylem) of a tree. This biomass became produced from plants that convert sunlight into plant material through photosynthesis.
Sources of biomass energy lead to agricultural crop residues, energy plantations, and municipal and industrial wastes.
Biomass is grown from several plants, including miscanthus,
switchgrass,
hemp,
maize,
poplar,
willow and
sugarcane. --> The particular plant used is usually not very important to the end products, but it does affect the processing of the raw material. Production of biomass is a growing
industry as interest in sustainable fuel sources is growing.
Though biomass is a
renewable fuel, and is sometimes called a "carbon neutral" fuel, its use can still contribute to global warming. This happens when the natural carbon equilibrium is disturbed; for example by deforestation or urbanization of green sites. These activities are termed "carbon leakage".
Biomass is part of the
carbon cycle. Carbon from the atmosphere is converted into biological matter by photosynthesis. On decay or combustion the carbon goes back into the atmosphere or soil. This happens over a relatively short timescale and plant matter used as a fuel can be constantly replaced by planting for new growth. Therefore a reasonably stable level of atmospheric carbon results from its use as a fuel. It is commonly accepted that the amount of carbon stored in biomass is approximately 50% of the biomass by weight.http://www.uvm.edu/~jcjenkin/smith%20et%20al.%202003.pdf
Despite harvesting, biomass crops may sequester (trap) carbon. So for example soil organic carbon has been observed to be greater in switchgrass stands than in cultivated cropland soil, especially at depths below 12 inches. Soil Carbon under Switchgrass Stands and Cultivated Cropland (Interpretive Summary and Technical Abstract). USDA Agricultural Research Service, April 1, 2005 The grass sequesters the carbon in its increased root biomass. But the perennial grass may need to be allowed to grow for several years before increases are measurable. Carbon sequestration by switchgrass. Abstract for Thesis (PhD). AUBURN UNIVERSITY, Source DAI-B 60/05, p. 1937, Nov 1999
Although fossil fuels have their origin in ancient biomass, they are not considered biomass by the generally accepted definition because they contain carbon that has been "out" of the carbon cycle for a very long time. Their combustion therefore disturbs the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere.
Other uses of biomass, besides fuel:
- Building materials
- Biodegradable plastics and paper (using cellulose fibres)
Plastics from biomass, like some recently developed to dissolve in seawater, are made the same way as petroleum-based plastics, are actually cheaper to manufacture and meet or exceed most performance standards. But they lack the same water resistance or longevity as conventional plastics. Oh, Chicken Feathers! How to Reduce Plastic Waste. Yahoo News,
Apr 5,
2007.
Biomass production for human use and consumption
{| class="wikitable sortable"|-! width="200" |
Biome Ecosystem TYPE! width="12" | Area! width="12" | Mean Net Primary Production! width="12" | World Primary Production! width="12" | Mean biomass! width="12" | World biomass! width="12" | Minimum replacement rate|-|| (million km²)| (gram dryC/sq metre/year)| (billion tonnes/year)| (kg dryC/sq metre)| (billion tonnes)| (years)|-| Tropical rain forest forest| 7.5| 1,600| 12.00| 35.00| 262.50| 21.88|-| Temperate [evergreen forest| 7.0| 1,200| 8.40| 30.00| 210.00| 25.00|-| [Boreal forest open [forest and [shrubland| 15.0| 900| 13.50| 4.00| 60.00| 4.44|-| [Temperate
grassland and [alpine climate|8.0|140|1.12|0.60|4.80|4.29|-| Desert and
semidesert scrubland|18.0|90|1.62|0.70|12.60|7.78|-| Extreme
desert, rock desert,
sand dunes or
ice sheets|14.0|650|9.10|1.00|14.00|1.54|-| [Swamp and
marshs and [streams]|332.00|125.00|41.50|0.003|1.00|0.02|-| Upwelling zones]|26.60|360.00|9.58|0.010|0.27|0.03|-|
Algal beds and reefs] & [mangroves Vol 14 (Berlin)
See also
References
External links
- Everything Biomass
- Michigan Biomass Energy Program
- BioMASS Laboratory at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Forest Bioenergy
- Texas State Cons. of Energy Office Biomass Article
- Kentucky fc
- Biomass on Hydrogenews
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